An IQ test, or Intelligence Quotient test, serves as a standardized assessment designed to gauge human intelligence.
Coined by the French psychologist Alfred Binet in the early 20th century, the term “IQ” originally represented “intelligence quotient.”
The primary objective of an IQ test is to furnish a numerical representation of an individual’s cognitive abilities in comparison to others within their age group.
These tests commonly evaluate a range of cognitive skills, encompassing reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and mathematical proficiency.
Notably, they strive to be culturally neutral, aiming to measure innate intelligence rather than knowledge acquired through education or experience.
Prominent examples of IQ tests include the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales.
Typically yielding a single score, the IQ score is normalized to have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15.
A score of 100 is considered average, with scores above or below indicating above-average or below-average intelligence, respectively.
While widely used and acknowledged, it’s essential to recognize that IQ tests have faced criticism.
Some argue that these tests may not fully capture the diverse spectrum of human intelligence or that cultural biases could impact the results.
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